Progress in clinical application of SPECT in the femoral neck fracture
Xuan (Guangxi Medical University, 9th Affiliated Hospital of Endocrinology and Metabolism Branch, the North Sea, 536 000) Keywords diabetes; pregnancy; prevention of CLC: the R714.25 gestational diabetes (gestationaldiabetesmellitus.GDM) is a polygenic Endocrinology and Metabolism diseases. Refers to diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance before pregnancy. Diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance in pregnancy or first found abnormal. Race, diagnosis methods and diagnostic criteria. Countries the incidence rate of 14% tI. GDM incidence rate of 3 to 5% [2J. It has the obvious postprandial hyperglycemia. Fasting blood glucose is low, prone to renal diabetes and other GDM women return to normal blood sugar after delivery, but under long-term follow-up observation. GDM women will be at high risk of type 2 diabetes. The same time. GDM in utero metabolic environment has changed to cause harm to the fetus. Perinatal morbidity and mortality was significantly higher than the normal group. And affect the neonatal period, childhood mental development as well as cause adolescent obesity. Therefore. Effective prevention of GDM is important to reduce infant and maternal mental and physical harm. Wary of old age, obesity control, retrospective pregnancy history and family history of diabetes and relieve psychosocial stress, timely monitoring of sugar screening positive OGTr concerned about the size of the glucose screening value and grasp sugar screening opportunity and so may well be the prevention of GDM effective The measures are the prevention of GDM are summarized as follows and a concern for GDM risk factors for GDM risk factors have been a lot of reports. Many countries and regions found that the main determinants of GDM who had of GDM, fetal malformations, the great child birth history, family history of diabetes, age more than 3O-year-old pregnant women census. Twin pregnancy, Pakistani or Indian descendants of: Mexico's epidemiology survey also found. Before pregnancy obesity and pregnancy weight gain more than 15kg is also GDM risk factors in pregnant women in Canada. Mcmahon, etc. [31 reported risk factors for senior citizens, pre-pregnancy weight, natural or induced abortion, stillbirths, chronic hypertension Jang et al [41 reported that BMI, age, weight gain during pregnancy, parental diabetes, pregnant women, body height, and other factors the relationship between the Korean pregnant women, patients with GDM. Zhang etc. [51 studies have shown that age, pre-pregnancy weight, pregnancy weight gain, height, family history of diabetes, smoking, pregnancy-induced hypertension for the glucose screening test positive risk factors. ZHANG Rong-Jun, etc. [61 Qingdao City, a survey of pregnant women found gravidity, parity, gestational age, age (≥ 30 years), overweight before pregnancy, weight gain, family history of diabetes, history of abnormal pregnancy, recurrent Candida albicans vaginitis attack 14 history, menstrual irregularity, unreasonable dietary hyperlipidemia, high hemoglobin and other factors and glucose metabolism abnormalities in that there were significant. Among them, the role of strength from big to small overweight, family history, age, irrational dietary hyperlipidemia, adverse pregnancy and six of the history of abnormal glucose metabolism, risk factors. Learn the risk factors of GDM incidence. Strengthen the screening of abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy in this high-risk groups. OK glucose focus guardianship. In the measurement of blood glucose. Not only measured fasting blood glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose should pay more attention to measurement. For early detection of patients. Early intervention and timely treatment to help reduce the GDM and type 2 diabetes occurred 1.1 wary of old age. Control obesity: increase with age. GDM incidence increased significantly. Many studies have shown that age is one of the risk factors of GDM. In particular,dsquared greece, age 30 years of age. Should attract attention. Obesity is an important reason for pre-pregnancy obesity leading to GDM GDM, independent risk factors. Pregnancy excessive weight gain and glucose metabolism during pregnancy abnormalities apparent. Control the growth rate of pre-pregnancy obesity and weight gain during pregnancy is an important measure to prevent GDM occurred. Therefore recommends that: (1) to encourage women of childbearing age to adopt a healthy lifestyle, not smoking, maintaining good eating habits. More exercise, lower body weight. Women before pregnancy and during pregnancy to maintain regular exercise can reduce accidental rates of GDM [81. (2) pre-pregnancy waist-hip measurement and pre-pregnancy body mass measurements, screening high-risk women. Timely guidance to control the waist to hip ratio and body mass index increased, so as to reach normal levels after the guidance of their pregnancy. (3) in the prenatal care of pregnant women of high body mass index should be regarded as high-risk objects to develop a reasonable growth rate of pregnancy weight to guide the proper diet to prevent excessive intake of sugary foods with higher With the appropriate physical exercise, strict monitoring of pregnant women's weight gain, reduce the occurrence of GDM. 1.2 retrospective pregnancy history and family history of diabetes: a prolific increase the risk of GDM incidence of GDM recurrence 19] unexplained adverse pregnancy history
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